Technical terms for Civil Engineers are important to know when it comes to use in the site work. these terms are important for improving the long life of any structure. These are very useful for the students who want to qualify for the interview. These technical terms are important for civil engineering people who can apply the basic ideas to build their houses. Just read it thoroughly and you’ll get a lot of knowledge.
Cement
1. Weight of 1 cement bag = 50 kg
2. Density Of Cement = 1440 Kgs/ m3
3. Numbers of Cement Bags in 1 m3=28.8
4. Cement more than 3 Months cannot be used for construction
5. The water comment ratio should be between 0.45 to 0.60 % of the volume
Brick
6. Water absorption should not be more than 15 % in 1st Class Brick
7. The compressive strength of the brick is 3.5 N/mm2
8. Weight of the Steel bar is Calculated using D2/162 Kg/m where D is the Diameter of the bars
in mm
9. The Number of bricks required for 1 m3 = 550
10. Standard size of the brick = 19 X 9 X 9 all in cm
11. The slope of stairs should be between 25 – 40 degree
12. The riser in stairs in between (150 mm to 200 mm) and trade (250 mm to 300 mm)
13. Brick masonry curing should be 10 days
Concrete
14. Grade of Concrete Denote Cement: Sand: aggregate ( in M20 is 1 : 1.5 : 3)
15. The concrete can be lifted to 50 m height if using the Concrete Pump.
16. The Curing Period of RCC is 28 Days
17. Stirrups in the Beam and Ties in the Column are provided to handle the shear force and to
keep longitudinal bars in position.
18. IS 456:2000 is the code of practice For PCC and RCC
19. Lintel Thickness = 15 cm or 0.15 m
20. Lintel should be Provided at 2.4 m in case of brick wall
21. Maximum Free fall of the Concrete allowed is 1.5 m
22. Vibration in freshly made concrete is done to remove the air and Bubbles in
the concrete mix
23. Concrete should be used within 30 minutes to get a good results
24. Concrete curing duration must be at least 7 Days in the case of ordinary Cement
Column and Slab
25. Minimum diameter of the bar used in Slab = 10 mm
26. At the Bottom of the Plinth minimum diameter used is 12 mm
27. The Transverse Reinforcement Provide in Column is TIE
28. The Transverse Reinforcement Provided in the Beam is STIRRUPS.
29. M 20 Grade concrete is generally used in construction of Slab (1:1.5:2)
30. The Concrete Cover in the Column should not be less than 40 mm.
31. Minimum Thickness of RCC Slab = 0.125 m or 5 inches
32. Starter in column thickness should be between 100 to 200 mm
33. Lapping of the bar should not be provided at the end of the support
34. Development length should be provided in plinth and top beam
35. The washroom slab should not be less than 7 feet
36. The minimum depth of the beam should not be less than 9 inch
38. Thickness of wall plaster is 12 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, and 25 mm
Steel Bars
39. Lapping of Bar not allowed if the diameter of the bar is more than 36 mm
40. DL Means Development Length
41. C/C Means Centre to Centre Distance
42. Density of steel is 7850 Kgs/ m3
43. Minimum Number of Bars in a Square or Rectangular Column is 4 and the Minimum
The number of Bars in the Circular Column is 6
44. DPC Thickness should not be Less than = 2.5 cm
45. The standard Length of the Steel Bar From the factory is 12 m
46. At top of the Plinth minimum diameter used is 10 mm
47. If the steel bar does not have Ribs on the surface, don’t use them
48. IS 800:2000 is the code of Practice for General Steel
49. Hook Length for the stirrups is 9 D for one side (D is Diameter of the bar)
50. Number of Stirrup in Beam = [ (Clear Span/ (c/c)) + 1]
51. In steel reinforcement Binding wire required 8 Kg Per MT
52. Lapping is not allowed for the bar having a diameter of more than 36 mm
53. All reinforcement shall be free from rust, mud, oil, coat of paint, or any
other substance.
54. Use 50 D formula for Lapping length where D is the diameter of a bar in mm
55. RCC column legs should be the length of 9D where D is the diameter in mm
Foundation
56. 3 4 5 formula is used in Layout to make 90 degree angle in Plotting
57. Heron’s formula is used to find the Land area of the irregular plot
58. BBS stands for bar bending schedule
59. The minimum waist of staircase should not be less than 36 inches or 3 Feet
60. Minimum height of handrail should not be less than 34 inch
61. Waist of staircase should not be less than 4 inch
62. Minimum depth of foundation for 1 story is 1 m
63. Minimum size of RCC footing is 2 X 2 Feet
64. For every 15 m2 square of Shuttering 1 L of oil is consumed
65. If length of a bar is 12 m with a 10 mm diameter than weight of the bar is 7.40 kg
66. Density of steel is 7850 Kgs/ m3
67. Number of bars = (Length of opposite side spacing / Centre to Centre distance) +1
68. Deduct the concrete cover from all sides of the tie and find out the length of the story
Stirrups.
69. 75 grams of nails is used for 1 m2 shuttering
70. Volume Of cement Bag = 1.25 CFT and 0.0347 m3
71. Minimum Height of kitchen and Bathroom is 3 m
72. Use single mech of reinforcement for residential and double for commercial building
73. New work (2 coats) 1.25 Liter Per 10 m2 or 8 m2/86 SQ FT of coverage per 1 Lit
74. Old work (one coat) 0.75 Liter per 10 m2 or 13.33 m2 /143 SQ FT of coverage per 1 Lit
75. Recommended curing should not be less than 10 days
76. Plaster curing 7 Days.
Miscellaneous
77. 1 Gallon (US) = 3.178 Liter
78. 1 kilonewton (KN)= 101.97 Kgs
79. Maximum Chair spacing in the slab is 1 Meter
80. M25 grade concrete is mostly used for the construction of the foundation
81. Minimum space should be 12″ Between Door and window
82. Average Ceiling height Min- 210 cm, Standard- 240 cm, Good- 260 cm
83. Cement should be stored in dry place
84. Cement bags should not be stacked more than 10 bags in Height
85. Cement Bags should be above minimum 30 cm of the ground
86. On lapping stirrups should be placed closely
87. In the beam top portion steel bars lapping should be provided after the L/3 distance
88. In beam tension steel bars Lapping should be in L/8 Distance
89. To convert wet concrete into dry, wet volume should be multiplying with 1.5
90. Normally We consider 3-5 % Concrete as wastage while estimating of material
91. For chairs, Minimum of 12 mm diameter bars to be used
92. Main bars in Slabs should not be less than 10 mm
93. Bearing capacity of soil should be maximum compared to design load/structure load
94. Plain Cement concrete (PCC) is a type of concrete used on a Member only when
tensile force is not acting on it.
95. Dead load is self weight of structure
96. The weight of 1st Class Clay brick should be 3.85 Kgs
97. Specific Gravity- Cement-3.16 g/cm3, Sand- 2.65 g/cm3, Brick-2 g/cm3
98. Washroom wall Thickness should not be less than 6″
99. Vibration in freshly made concrete is done to remove the air bubbles in Concrete.
100. Cement is made by pulverizing clinkers by calcinating raw materials such as Lime (CaO), Silica (SiO2), Alumina (Al2O3), and Iron Oxide (Fe2O3).
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